Speaker 0 (Sara): Hi. I’m Jess. And I’m Sarah. And we’re from the Geelong Neuro Center. We are empowered people empowering people, and the aim of this podcast is to empower you. Welcome to Neuroconversations with Jess and our special guest Das that we’ve got here today. Das has been on our podcast before and one of the physios here at GNC.
Speaker 1 (Darcy): It’s our third time. Third date.
Speaker 0 (Sara): Oh, very something really
Speaker 1 (Darcy): serious, isn’t it?
Speaker 0 (Sara): Yeah. Yeah. So the audience.
Speaker 2 (Jess): Block, Tongi and Darcy that have come back three times, which were probably three of the people that were so anti podcast.
Speaker 1 (Darcy): Yeah. You Yeah. Just keep putting in my diary and I
Speaker 0 (Sara): don’t think showing up. No choice. Oh, nice. How are you, Jess?
Speaker 2 (Jess): I am good. Yeah. How are you?
Speaker 0 (Sara): Yeah. Good. Thank you. Do wanna start with your wins? Yes. Kick us off.
Speaker 2 (Jess): So my win is that we are now looking at doing our second rural pop up intensive back in Yarrawonga. It was such an amazing experience, the first one. And the clients and their families were so amazing and so excited to, yeah, do it again. And we’re gonna take more therapists this time, and it’s such a good environment out there.
Speaker 0 (Sara): So exciting. I know there’ll be some really happy families.
Speaker 2 (Jess): Yep. Yeah. And therapists.
Speaker 0 (Sara): And therapists as well. Yep. They did really love it. Das, what is your win?
Speaker 1 (Darcy): Yeah. Got away the other week. We got up to sort of towards Marysville there and spent about five nights out there with the family and Nice. Got up to Lake Mountain and did some tobogganing with the little fella for his fourth birthday. So Yeah. It was a heap of fun.
Speaker 0 (Sara): Fun. Yeah. We had a a lot of people at the moment, JNC in Europe at the moment. So you go into Lake Mountain. Same same.
Speaker 1 (Darcy): It’s not quite as sort of European vacay,
Speaker 0 (Sara): but that’s that’s alright. Yeah. It could be.
Speaker 1 (Darcy): It’s a question.
Speaker 0 (Sara): Same. My win is for Allie, one of our OTs here at GNC. I just wanted to give her a shout out for the help she’s given me with one of my clients that has had a spinal cord injury and has got a chronic pressure area on her bottom. And it’s kind of yeah, been going for a while now. And I got Allie involved and so glad I did. She was able to get so much more information and a really clear plan. And yeah. I feel really grateful for Allie’s expertise in this area in being able to help support me and also this client to hopefully get a really good outcome.
Speaker 1 (Darcy): She’s a ripper.
Speaker 2 (Jess): Yeah. She’s such a good OT.
Speaker 0 (Sara): Sure is. So thanks, Allie. So today’s topic today is concussion. Yeah. Do you want to introduce it? Yes?
Speaker 2 (Jess): Yeah. So we have a concussion clinic here at Geelong Neuro Centre that’s head that’s head up that does not that’s not English, that Darcy Heads Up.
Speaker 1 (Darcy): We’re wrong with that.
Speaker 2 (Jess): Darcy started it. And as a strong passion project, really, you’ve been on the podcast before and you spoke about how you had that sporting background and that neuro background, and then bringing the two together with concussion just made so much sense for you. It’s been amazing to see our concussion clinic grow into the space that it is now, and just the amount of work and background work that you have put into it and now that you’re helping with the community. It’s a big topic point within the community, so we thought we’d get you on, just have a chat about concussion in general and our concussion clinic here and when people can utilise that concussion clinic. Yeah. Do you want to talk about it, Das, and introduce it? You’ll know it a lot better than what I will.
Speaker 1 (Darcy): Yeah. I guess the big learnings for me initially being involved or exposed to concussion was in the sort of first couple of years out of uni about ten years ago working in with the Benio Pioneers, TAC Cup, I think it’s called Coast League now, the 18, sort of vying to make it to the AFL and we just saw that kids were having hits, having a concussion and the process was essentially get a clearance from your GP and return to play and the GP didn’t really have much skill set in understanding what concussion was or how to manage it and we didn’t really know what we’re doing and we knew these kids shouldn’t be back yet but we also didn’t know there wasn’t any sort of clear protocols in place as to what that should look like and so just been this learning curve over the last ten years of trying to work out how to do things better and few years ago now that there sort of wasn’t much out in terms of training and education around it and come across the complete concussion management course which is based in sort of North America and also yeah, North America. Yeah. And just yeah, I had a wealth of information on sort of how to better manage concussion. So, yeah, that sort of helped really steadfast that learning journey.
Speaker 2 (Jess): Can you talk about that course because it was quite a lot of study. Yeah. And that’s on top of everything that you’ve learned yourself as a physiotherapist and then what that course entails and also gives you in regards to then treating concussion.
Speaker 1 (Darcy): Yeah, it just gives us a well rounded understanding of what a concussion is and how to assess it properly and it’s a really systematic approach to assessing the different systems that can be impacted on the back of a concussion. So it was a bit of online training obviously based in North America, so it was online training sort of about sixty hours worth I think on top of other training that I’ve done within vestibular rehab and other bits and pieces as well. Yeah, the thing that I really liked about it was the process which I’ll chat to later. It just allows access to some baseline screenings for that are free for anyone to sort of use and makes the sort of return to play process quite structured and simplifies what can otherwise be a bit confusing and complex.
Speaker 0 (Sara): Yeah. So the name of our clinic is Geelong Neurocentre. So people might not automatically think like let’s go to Geelong Neurocentre for their concussion clinic. But how does a concussion clinic fit into the broader neuro rehab services at GNC and how does it all link together?
Speaker 1 (Darcy): Yeah. So I touched a little bit the vestibular side of things. I guess when we say a concussion, first of all, it’s it is a brain injury. It’s a mild traumatic brain injury is the other name for a concussion, which essentially means that there’s no lasting effect from a brain injury perspective. Does heal. But it is a brain injury in itself. So being able to understand the brain and how it functions impacts our function is really important. Within that we see a few different reasons for people to have sort of delayed symptoms and being able to know how to screen those systems and then a treat accordingly is sort of valuable. So fits well within that space. We’re also a multidisciplinary space. So I look after most of the concussions here. We do have OT Amy who’s worked quite a bit in the concussion space as well. So being able to refer into her when we have issues with return to work or yeah other occupations. It’s really nice to have that second profession here to look at. There are some other multidisciplinary clinics through the hospitals around Geelong but our typical experience is getting into them takes a little bit longer. A bit of a lengthier process referral process whereas you can call up our clinic and we prioritize concussion management. In that acute setting you you should be able to get in to see us within a couple of days and get started with that rehab. Yeah, have clients that may be referred into those multidisciplinary clinics that might need that but at least they can get started with us and get the right information early on in the piece. The research really sort of supports that earlier touch point with an experienced concussion therapist leads to better outcomes.
Speaker 0 (Sara): Yeah. Yeah. You can actually book online.
Speaker 1 (Darcy): You can. Yeah. Yep. Yep. Book online. Occasionally if my diary is a little bit hectic it might be hard to book online straight away, always call the clinic and it will always make space. Yeah.
Speaker 2 (Jess): And I think something you mentioned there, like with a concussion therapist, is physiotherapy, like all allied health, OT, EP, it can be quite broad. And there’s different specialty areas within those disciplines. So every most physios will have a really good base understanding of concussion, but that early management is so important. And we’re really lucky in Geelong that we do have multiple services that have physiotherapists that are specialised in concussion. And so it is important, I think, trying to get into those therapists so that early management is as streamlined and quality as it can be?
Speaker 1 (Darcy): Yeah, absolutely. Yep. So complete concussion. Keep, they sort of monitor the data from all their concussion clinics around the world. And it’s like there’s some pretty awesome really clear data around return to removal of symptoms I guess or when clients become symptom free. You can see day by day the longer they wait before they start with a clinician how that the time to symptom recovery is longer. That day three or four post concussion is a really nice time to get in to see someone like myself.
Speaker 2 (Jess): And you work closely with a lot of community and other private physios and therapists. Like most sporting clubs will have a mask based physio there and you’ll work quite closely in with the mask based physio that if there’s concussion then you take on that management from there.
Speaker 1 (Darcy): Yes. We found some some sports physios in the area that look after certain clubs feel like they’re probably a little bit too close to make the call and perhaps want that independent assessment and that’s probably where we’re really well set up to provide that and make the call and we feel like they’re ready and without that pressure of the club. Yeah. Making sure that that client’s ready.
Speaker 0 (Sara): Yeah.
Speaker 1 (Darcy): Yeah. I think there’s yeah, there’s some brilliant therapists around Geelong in that concussion space and we’re pretty we’re really lucky from that end of things.
Speaker 0 (Sara): Yeah. How common is a concussion?
Speaker 1 (Darcy): Yeah. I guess it’s probably a little bit how long is it face a string. There’s lot of research particularly in the sports concussion area. I guess that’s kind of the sexy side of concussion, I guess. That’s where there’s a lot of money and so where a lot of money gets put into research. So we do see a lot of the clients that come through the clinic are from more sports based. That would be majority of what I see. But in saying that the highest rates of concussion actually come from like falls in older adults. Unfortunately domestic violence is a higher rate of for concussion. Yeah. As well as other, you know, kid related stuff falling off bikes.
Speaker 2 (Jess): I didn’t realise how much in schools. Just playing on the playground. Monkey Bars. Monkey Bars. Footie at lunchtime. Yeah.
Speaker 1 (Darcy): Yeah. It’s probably a little bit not as bad now. I remember when I was a little tacky here it was it was full on on the footy field at lunchtime.
Speaker 0 (Sara): Was games that you’re allowed to play around British Bulldogs
Speaker 1 (Darcy): and things.
Speaker 0 (Sara): That’s it. Maybe Ben. Yeah.
Speaker 1 (Darcy): Yeah. Think so. No. We’d still definitely see see funny of that. So yeah, when a kid comes to kids in particular, like our priority is absolutely getting back to full time school and that comes well before getting back to back to sport. Yeah.
Speaker 0 (Sara): Yeah. Is there a different approach that you would take between looking at a rehab plan for a kid versus an adult?
Speaker 1 (Darcy): Just subtle differences. Like we want to make sure that again prioritising school first. We give them I guess the benefit of the doubt in terms of symptom recovery that they can take a little bit longer to recover and a little bit of a I guess a cautious approach to return to sport may be required. Otherwise a lot of our systems are reasonably similar. We want to sort of screen and see which systems are functioning well and which ones aren’t and put plans in place to do that.
Speaker 0 (Sara): Yeah. Cool. Yeah. What does the process look like? Yep. Like what does the assessment look like?
Speaker 1 (Darcy): Yeah. So for an acute concussion, a lot of what we do with an initial assessment is really ruling out red flags, making sure that there’s nothing more serious than a concussion and that there’s not a bleed on the brain or facial fracture or those other things that need more immediate medical attention. So we first want to screen and clear that and get a bit of an idea firstly, has a concussion occurred, has it not? If there’s some sort of unsurety around that and then our first session we do a lot of education around what to do, what not to do. There’s probably some old outdated education out there or information out there. So just making sure that we’re sort of myth busting a little bit and making sure that they’re setting themselves up to succeed.
Speaker 0 (Sara): And some of those things like don’t go to sleep.
Speaker 1 (Darcy): Yeah. That’s it. Yep.
Speaker 2 (Jess): Can you give us a couple of the most common that you can debunk right now?
Speaker 1 (Darcy): Go. Yeah. The first one would be, you know, stay in a dark room, avoid light, that sort of thing. So we tend to find that just makes us more sensitive to the light exposure. You know, rest up. Rest is okay, but we want actually to sort of we call relative rest. So we actually want people to start exercising reasonably soon. When I say that more sort of light exercise, going for walks and just getting some oxygen to the brain and getting exposure to daylight and those sort of things is really valuable. What’s the other one? Often like immediacy to take, you know, two weeks off work or that sort of thing like again the research is really quite clear that the sooner that we can get people back to work where it’s appropriate, their outcomes tend to be better as well. So that graded exposure tends to be really valuable for those concussions.
Speaker 2 (Jess): I assume that would be the same for school.
Speaker 1 (Darcy): Yeah, correct. Yep. Yep. Absolutely. Yep. So yeah, the more we pull people away from their everyday life, harder it is to get back to their everyday life sometimes. So yeah, having a graded approach and measured approach to it, getting them back as soon as they’re ready to. They don’t have to be symptom free to get back to school or work. They just have to be able to tolerate it might be an hour or two or half a day and then a full day with limited duties and making sure they’re kind of getting to the end the day and not worse because of it.
Speaker 0 (Sara): Yeah. Yeah. Cool. So after the education then what happens?
Speaker 1 (Darcy): Yep. So the second session typically will look like again this depends on the level of function of the client and the goals. If we’re talking about a return to play type person, we’ll be looking at getting him on a treadmill and doing a Buffalo Concussion Treadie Test which essentially looks at their exercise tolerance and autonomic function. And depending on what happens there, if they pass that test, we don’t have to get them up on that again. If they fail the test for want of a better term, we use the data monitoring their heart rate through the test to see how hard we make them work and set them an exercise program for home. And then our third session is usually then a bit more of an in-depth screen of cervical spine, vestibular, oculomotor function, seeing how those systems are working. So it’s quite a graded sort of measured approach to how we assess and then working out which systems are functioning well for that person and which ones maybe just need a bit of a leg up and putting the right exercise programs in place to best facilitate recovery.
Speaker 2 (Jess): Yeah, great.
Speaker 1 (Darcy): And for the most part, like a concussion recovery is usually relatively straightforward. If we do all the right things and put all the right things in place, you know, usually it’s a pretty sort of not too scary, I guess, a recovery process and most people have a pretty good return. And when they’re involved early and if we’re seeing that it’s going to be a slower recovery for whatever reason, then we can get those things set up in place early on and hopefully prevent that from becoming a prolonged issue.
Speaker 2 (Jess): Yeah. And that early management in how it affects those, the benefits then of reducing those long term outcomes. I think concussion is a big scary word at the moment and from just having chats with you, Das, I love the way you explain it and how you just make it less scary.
Speaker 1 (Darcy): Yeah. I mean, we always want to be looking after people’s brain health, but I think if we do the right things and manage that properly, which I suppose probably leads us into chatting about what a concussion is and what it’s not and kind of going from there. So as we said, it’s a mild traumatic brain injury. So what happens is we get a an acceleration followed by a quick deceleration within and then within the brain we have a stretching or shearing force that occurs. So we think about like jelly on the plate, that sort of wibble wobble effect, our grey matter and our white matter within our brain have different densities and so when they’re decelerating and moving at different, I guess, speeds, we get that stretching and shearing force and what that does is creates an opening of some channels, certain ions leak out and certain other leak in and creates a depolarisation or an excitability within the neuron itself. And that happens around many thousands millions of neurons within our brain all at once and that’s the first phase of a concussion called the excitatory phase. So often that that really common experience that we’ve probably seen before is that sort of disorientation, perhaps stumbling to their feet, in some incoordination sort of if we get enough, I guess we get a bit of a short circuit and the loss of consciousness as well. So that’s that pretty clear excitatory phase. As part of that, what leaks out, what leaks in, we see calcium leak into the neuron. That’s probably a big one as to why we have these takes a bit of a time to recover. So what we understand of it is that the calcium can bind within the mitochondria and really impact the cells ability to create energy required to reverse the effects and pump the potassium calcium back out of the cell. So it gives it without that happening appropriately or with good function, we’re to see a reduction in our ATP or energy source within our brain. Then the second part of the injury or recovery is the spreading depression phase. Because there’s that energy depletion, it takes time for the cells to fully recover that energy and pump those back to where they needed to be and get that that chemical balance I guess right. So we sort of say that that that low point of our energy stores happens at around about day five to day seven where we’ve reduced our energy stores by about 20% within our brain. So it’s a decent And so not uncommon around that time frame to sort of still feel quite lethargic. Yeah. Yuck, headachy, tired, blurry, and that sort of thing.
Speaker 0 (Sara): Yeah.
Speaker 1 (Darcy): For most people by day sort 10 to 14, we should say that their symptoms have recovered, but that’s not But always the from a cellular recovery, that energy store recovery side of things, that recovery happens somewhere between day 21 and day 45. Hence why we’re seeing now with a lot of the concussion policies that a minimum return to play timeframe of twenty one days sort of really fits the science. What we see is if they had a secondary concussion before that first one is recovered, that reduction of energy drops instead of being 20% reduction, it reduces by about 50%, which is what we see during moderate and severe brain injuries. And there’s some limited research but it looks like the recovery time for that is somewhere between ninety and one hundred and twenty days. So three to four months. So a massive difference. So being able to kind of delay that return to play post twenty one days as well as making sure that they’re recovering or following a graded rehab process. It’s not just a minimum twenty one days then you’re good to go that they have to tick off some boxes and show that they’re recovering the way I would expect and hope. That’s gonna make a big difference into preventing these longer term issues.
Speaker 0 (Sara): Yeah. Yeah. Fantastic. It’s good to hear a bit more of
Speaker 2 (Jess): the science behind it too, especially with that second concussion.
Speaker 1 (Darcy): Yeah. Yeah. Yeah, absolutely. So yeah, I guess the background of that is that around, I suppose 2019, 2020 in particular, a lot of concussion physios were sort of doing this anyway, but relying a lot on the consensus statement within sports related concussion, the last one was in one of the there was one in 2015. There was meant to be another one in 2020 but then a funny little thing called COVID came along and sort of delayed that. So I didn’t have that meeting in Amsterdam until 2022 and then the results of that came out in or the publishing of that came out in 2023. So there’s this real kind of funny window for a while there where concussion therapists knew that we should be doing more but the current sort of recommendations weren’t sort of reflecting that. On the back of that we’ve seen sort of the Australian Institute of Sport put out some awesome guidelines last year and a lot of major sporting bodies around Australia sort of followed suit with the similar guidelines, is just great. Amazing. Our job a lot easier because
Speaker 0 (Sara): It’s consistent.
Speaker 1 (Darcy): It’s consistent. Yeah.
Speaker 0 (Sara): Yeah.
Speaker 1 (Darcy): Yeah. And I think and the education is so important because we need guys to understand that we’re not keeping you out twenty one days just because, like, there’s a science behind it and there’s a real important reason to keep you out for that extra week or two. Education
Speaker 2 (Jess): is such power. And also if you treating your brain like you would treat a soft tissue injury. If you were told that you’ve had a concussion and if you or you’ve hurt your knee and if you go back within the next two weeks to play, there’s a very large chance that you’re going do an ACL and you’re be out for twelve months. I can guarantee you a lot of them are not going play and the clubs are going to be like, not putting them, risking them. But that lack of understanding and not necessarily treating our brain like we would any with any other soft tissue injuries and actually having the power to understand the implications of that, that it could be up to one hundred and twenty days.
Speaker 1 (Darcy): And
Speaker 2 (Jess): yeah, I think a lot of people will go, I might not play the next two weeks.
Speaker 1 (Darcy): Yeah, exactly. I think, yeah, it’s a funny one, isn’t it? Yeah, we sort of accept it. Yeah. I’ve done my shoulder. I’ve done my knee. I’m out for this time. I’ve done my hamstring. I’m out for four weeks or six weeks, whatever it is. And it’s yeah, they maybe try and rush it back a little bit, generally there’s an accepted acceptance that that’s what it is. And even from probably wider kind of coaching community as well, probably just accepts all these out for that long and we’ll get him back when we get him back and hopefully we’re seeing that a bit more within the coaching fraternities as well.
Speaker 0 (Sara): Yeah, nice.
Speaker 1 (Darcy): Yeah, but it’s just gonna take a little bit of time to let that sink in, I think, within the wider community.
Speaker 0 (Sara): Yeah. Christian and I have, like, as a mum and also like have been in situations where your kid hits their head playing tag or something like that at home and ends up with a big egg on their head or something. Like, what do you do immediately in that situation? Like booking an appointment, but, dear ice, like how did all what do you do?
Speaker 1 (Darcy): Yeah. So I think the first thing we want to keep an eye on any particular red flags. There’s a great tool called the concussion recognition tool out there which can help guide this. It’s really simple to follow. The long short of it is just making sure that there’s no neck pain, they haven’t lost consciousness, no changes to vision. If they’re seeming confused or disorientated, you know, mom and dad know best. They know their child and if the child’s acting a bit strange or losing controls in arms or legs or anything unusual like that, vomiting, that sort of thing, or a headache that seems to be getting worse. Those things would warrant a more urgent referral to ED. It doesn’t necessarily mean that anything more severe is going on, but we can’t rule that out without being inspected properly. Otherwise just keeping an eye out for the other sort of concussion symptoms, which there are many, but more that sensitivity to light, sensitivity to noise, feeling fatigued, just looking a bit slowed, sore in the head, those sort of things. There’s a whole host again, they’re all on that concussion recognition tool, but keeping an eye on those things and then management from there initially is just take them away from that activity. Yeah. If they’re playing sport or playing tag or wrestling, like that’s the end of the activity. Maybe it’s time to play a card game or something a little bit less physical. And that first twenty four, forty eight hours is relative rest. So it doesn’t mean taking them completely away from everything, still getting them out, going for walks, that sort of Starting to then reintegrate into some schooling or some brain activity. And probably within those first few days, then if we are generally concerned and then looking to referring to place like ourselves to look at what that next step looks like in terms of return to schooling appropriately. And especially if we’re seeing any of those symptoms that would make us concerned about how a return to school would look.
Speaker 0 (Sara): Is a headache alone a symptom of concussion?
Speaker 1 (Darcy): Yeah. And so this is where it does get a little bit hairy from the diagnosis perspective because it is a clinical diagnosis based on symptoms. So essentially the presentation of one of about 23 possible symptoms is enough for us to call it as a concussion.
Speaker 0 (Sara): Interesting.
Speaker 1 (Darcy): From a, I guess if you’re a parent on the sideline watching sport at the elite or higher levels, we often have a physio or trainer or someone like that, that’s a bit more trained. Usually during kids sport, it’s normally a mom or dad that’s puts on the first aid vest and the baby on the first aid course. That’s about it. The main rule that we go for is if in doubt, sit them out. So if we see any of those signs, if something doesn’t look right, if we’re not sure, we call it at the end of the day, this is kids footy or kids sport and life goes on. Life’s more important than returning to play that day. So yeah, any of those signs or symptoms or things that just don’t sit right, if you doubt, sit them out.
Speaker 0 (Sara): The other thing is people say, oh, should I give them Panadol?
Speaker 1 (Darcy): Yeah, I would probably somewhat try to avoid that. At least in the initial phases, if they’re reporting a headache, again, if that headache worsens and we’re then becoming concerned about whether there’s a more significant head injury at play that might mask those symptoms. Yeah, yeah. Again, that’s where we probably looking to get involved with someone myself or at least a GP if there’s no more significant or serious symptoms, get him to see somebody and have a chat about what’s next. But yeah, try and avoid Yeah. It if
Speaker 2 (Jess): Yeah. Cool. Let’s say that someone’s child or a parent, there’s a concussion on a Saturday sport. What do they do from there? So they’ve got concussive symptoms. They might not warrant going to the hospital in that moment, but what actions can they take?
Speaker 1 (Darcy): Yep. So assuming they’ve already pulled them from the sport. So just relative rest for those first few days. So reasonably quiet. It doesn’t mean we have to completely take them away from screens and that sort of thing. We probably want to limit their time a little bit with it just for the first day or so. Certainly no running, jumping, high end activities, but certainly brisk walk if they’re seeming like they’re balanced enough to maybe do a gentle bike ride, that sort of thing is perfectly okay. And then just from there, getting in to see someone in a concussion clinic space within the first sort of three to four days is probably that ideal sweet spot. We also just really general advice around keeping up hydration, trying to avoid too much processed junk, eat the rainbow, that sort of stuff. Really basic
Speaker 0 (Sara): Just normal parenting.
Speaker 1 (Darcy): Just normal parenting. Yeah, that’s right. Yeah. There is in that first phase is a neuroinflammatory response just like with any injury, there’s an inflammatory response. So we just want that to sort of play out and do its thing. We don’t want to play interact with that too much and slow it up.
Speaker 2 (Jess): Yeah, cool. So if someone’s wanting to come into GNC to have an assessment, how would they go about that?
Speaker 1 (Darcy): Yeah, so they can self refer, they can refer straight online or they can call up the clinic and we can find them a time.
Speaker 0 (Sara): Yeah, they can talk in directly.
Speaker 1 (Darcy): Absolutely. Sometimes online where there might be might not be always all available slots that we do have. And so if they don’t find appropriate time it is worth giving a call and see if we can slot them in somewhere because we do prioritise that early assessment to make sure that they’re getting looked after properly and get the right advice. We do, we’re also really excited to sort of announce that we’ve got Bridget, who’s one of our paediatric physios who’s just gone through the concussion training as well. So we’re really excited to be able to provide that service for those kids and Bridget’s obviously got a better understanding of how kids should act and should interact and much better than myself. So yeah, really, we can cover that lifespan now, which is really great.
Speaker 2 (Jess): Yeah, fantastic. Very exciting. And Bridget did a big concussion talk in a team meeting a few weeks ago and yeah, she was phenomenal. She has so much knowledge around the area and I think she’s a weapon in that space.
Speaker 1 (Darcy): Yeah, that’d be great. But a GP referral can also be handy but not essential as well. So if you happen to have been to the GP before organising that concussion appointment here, absolutely GP referral is welcome, but certainly not necessary. Fantastic.
Speaker 0 (Sara): Thank you, Darce. Thanks for joining us.
Speaker 1 (Darcy): No worries. Thanks for having me.
Speaker 0 (Sara): No problems.